Cybersecurity refers to the practice of protecting networks, systems, devices, and data from cyber threats, attacks, and unauthorized access. It encompasses technologies, processes, and practices designed to safeguard digital assets from theft, damage, or disruption.

Key Aspects of Cybersecurity

1. Network Security – Protects networks from cyber threats like hacking, malware, and denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks.
2. Information Security (InfoSec) – Ensures the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA triad) of data.
3. Application Security – Focuses on securing software and applications from vulnerabilities and attacks.
4. Cloud Security – Protects cloud-based applications and data from breaches and unauthorized access.
5. Endpoint Security – Secures devices like computers, smartphones, and IoT devices against malware and phishing.
6. Identity & Access Management (IAM) – Manages user authentication and permissions to prevent unauthorized access.
7. Operational Security – Involves risk assessments, incident response plans, and monitoring security policies.
8. Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity – Ensures organizations can recover from cyber incidents with minimal downtime.
9. Cyber Threat Intelligence – Involves analyzing cyber threats, understanding attack patterns, and mitigating risks.

Common Cyber Threats

• Malware (viruses, ransomware, spyware)
• Phishing (fraudulent emails, scams)
• Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
• Denial-of-Service (DoS) & DDoS Attacks
• Zero-Day Exploits
• Social Engineering

Cybersecurity is essential for individuals, businesses, and governments to protect sensitive data, prevent financial losses, and ensure digital safety.